Shigellosis is a disease of the intestines caused by bacteria called Shigella. Cases are rising in Alberta and those who are unhoused or unsheltered are being disproportionately affected.

Causes

Shigellosis is spread when the bacteria in feces (stool) or on soiled fingers are ingested. The illness is highly infectious and can also be spread from person to person.

Transmission typically occurs by eating contaminated foods, which become infected when:

• handled with poor hygiene
• washed with water contaminated with feces

Other risk factors for contracting Shigellosis:

• drinking contaminated liquids, such as water from rivers, lakes, and other coastal waters
• sexual oral-anal contact; outbreaks have occurred among men who have sex with men

Symptoms

Shigellosis usually lasts 5 to 7 days. Some people who are infected may have no symptoms at all but may still spread shigellosis to others.

• diarrhea (often bloody)
• nausea and vomiting
• fever
• stomach cramps starting 1 or 2 days after you are exposed to the bacteria.

Prevention

• Washing your hands frequently and carefully with soap
• Avoid swallowing water while swimming.
• Take care if changing diapers

Treatment

If you are experiencing symptoms of shigellosis, please seek medical attention right away. Antibiotics and proper hydration can help treat shigellosis. Contact BTDH Community Health if you have questions at 403-737-3933.

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